Head injuries may be caused by falling or flying objects, impacts from fixed objects
(exposed pipes, beams, etc.), and from contact with electrical hazards. These injuries
can cause long-term damage and in some cases can be fatal! Head protection, in the
form of a hard hat provides the necessary protection and is required when working
in areas with such hazards.
Supervisors should evaluate their work area and complete the PPE Hazard Assessment Form to document when head protection is required.
Protective helmets must comply with the ANSI Z89.1 Standard:
- Provide protection from impact and penetration caused by falling objects
- Must be worn when working below other workers who are using tools and materials that
could fall
- Materials used in helmets must be water-resistant and slow burning
- Must consist of a shell and suspension system (head band) that is worn in the correct
direction and is adjustable to prevent the helmet from falling off the head
- Helmets and suspension systems must be inspected before use, maintained per manufacturer
guidelines, and replaced promptly when damaged.
- Check the type of helmet being used to ensure that the equipmet provides appropriate
protection. The label inside the helmet will list the manufacturer, the ANSI designation,
and class of hard hat if applicable.
Hard Hat Classification
- Class G (listed as Class A in ANSI Z89.1) hats provide impact and penetration resistance
and protection from low-voltage conductors (less than 2,200 volts).
- Class E (listed as Class B in ANSI Z89.1) hats provide the highest level of protection
against electrical hazards with high-voltage shock and burn protection up to 20,000
volts. They also provide impact and penetration protection from flying/falling objects.
- Class C hats provide protection from impact and penetration only and should NOT be
used around electrical hazards because the aluminum material used will conduct electricity.
- Bump Hats are not ANSI approved and are only recommended for areas with low head clearance
and protection from head bumps and lacerations. They are not designed to protect
against falling objects.
General Use Guidelines
- Ensure that the headgear fits properly. Most headgear comes in a variety of sizes
with adjustable headbands to ensure a proper fit.
- User should follow manufacturer guidelines for cleaning and maintenance. In general,
periodic cleaning will extend the useful life of the headgear.
- The inspection before use should look at the shell, the suspension system, and other
accessories for holes, cracks, tears, or any other damage that might compromise the
protective integrity.
- Paints, thinners, and some cleaning agents can weaken the shells and may eliminate
electrical resistance.
- Never drill holes, paint, or apply labels to protective headgear as this may reduce
the protective integrity.
- Do not store headgear in direct sunlight as prolonged extreme heat can damage the
protective integrity.
- Do not continue to use a hard hat that has sustained an impact, even when damage is
not noticeable.